When painting figures with an oil brush, handling the relationship between color and light and shadow is of vital importance, as it directly affects the three-dimensionality and realism of the picture. Here are some tips for handling the relationship between color and light and shadow:
First, understand the basic principles of color and light and shadow
Color relationship
The color relationship mainly refers to the general rule that the color of an object changes under different lighting conditions. For instance, in the case of a cold light source, the light-receiving part is relatively cooler than the backlit part. Under warm light source conditions, the light-receiving part is warmer than the backlit part.
In figure painting, attention should be paid to the contrast and harmony of warm and cool colors, as well as the changes in the lightness and purity of colors, in order to express the three-dimensionality and realism of the figures.
Light and shadow relationship
Light and shadow are important means to express the three-dimensional and spatial effects of objects. When light shines on an object, it will cause changes in brightness, depth and warmth.
In figure painting, attention should be paid to the position and intensity of the light source, as well as the projection and reflection of light on the figure. The three-dimensional effect and texture of the figure can be expressed through the contrast of light and shade and the change of color.
Second, specific handling techniques
Color matching and the combination of light and shadow
Adjust the color of the light-receiving and backlit parts according to the temperature of the light source. For instance, under a warm light source, the illuminated part can incorporate some warm colors (such as red or yellow), while the backlit part can appropriately add some cool colors (such as blue or green).
The intensity of light and shadow is expressed through the variation of the lightness of colors. The illuminated part is bright in color while the backlit part is dim, creating a sharp contrast between light and dark.
Pay attention to the transition and variation of colors in different parts of the figure. For instance, the color changes around the facial features should be delicate and soft, while the color changes in the folds of the clothes can be bolder and more exaggerated.
The shaping and expression of light and shadow
Observe the position and intensity of the light source to determine the distribution of light and shade on the person. The areas directly exposed to the light source are bright in color, while the shaded areas are dull.
The texture of light and shadow is expressed by using the thickness of brushstrokes and pigments. The illuminated part can be made bright and soft by applying a thin layer or dots. For the backlit part, a thick coating or a scraper can be used to create a texture, enhancing the texture and three-dimensional effect.
Pay attention to the performance of highlights and reflections. Highlights usually occur in areas directly exposed to light sources, with bright and dazzling colors. Reflections appear in the depressions or protrusions on the surface of objects, with relatively soft colors but capable of reflecting the colors of the surrounding environment.
Overall coordination and unity
When dealing with the relationship between color and light and shadow, attention should be paid to the overall coordination and unity of the picture. Avoid overly prominent or overly dim areas that could disrupt the balance and harmony of the picture.
The overall atmosphere and emotion of the picture can be expressed by adjusting the lightness, purity and warm and cool relationship of the colors, as well as by using the thickness of the brushstrokes and pigments.
Third, practical suggestions
Observe more and think more
In daily life, observe the light and shadow as well as the color changes of characters more often, and think about how to express these effects with an oil brush.
Materials and inspiration can be accumulated through photography, sketching and other means.
Practice more and try more
Master the handling techniques of color and light and shadow through a large amount of practice.
Be brave to try different painting styles and expression techniques to enrich one’s artistic language.
Pay attention to details and the overall picture
When dealing with the relationship between color and light and shadow, one should not only pay attention to the detailed depiction of local areas but also maintain the overall harmony and unity of the picture.
The picture effect can be improved through repeated adjustments and modifications.